Page 1 PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID 3184c Report Date: 09-May-96:18:09 Version: ********** Check-in Date: ********** 1.Proposal Title: PHYSICS OF ASTEROIDS - CYCLE 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Category 3. Proposal For 4. Proposal Type 5. Continuation ID SOLAR SYSTEM GTO/FOC 1268 Sub Category MINOR PLANETS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Principal Investigator Institution Country Telephone Rudolf Albrecht ESA, EUROPEAN COORDINATING F GERMANY, W +49-89-320 06 DEPUTY HEAD, ST-ECF ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Abstract The purpose of the proposed investigation is to detemine the physical properties of selected asteroids (currently more than 4000 known, mainly between Mars and Jupiter, diameters ranging up to 10dex3 km). The asteroid 1 Ceres has a diameter of 1025 km and produces an image of 0.7 arcsec at opposition. We will study it with the FOC F/288 high resolution mode to determine the absolute diameter (and thus calibrate the asteroid diameter scales), the irregularities of the body, and the reasons for variations during its rotation (about 9.1 hours). The surface structure will be resolved to about 10x10 km per pixel, and also studied during rotation. The same will be done for a number of other asteroids. The position of the rotational pole will be determined, as well as the sence of rotation. Several asteroids are suspected to consist not only of one single body, but to be binary or multiple in nature, or to have satellites. The proposed observations will provide answers to these questions. The FOC in F/288 mode will for the first time produce direct images of asteroids with a resolution sufficient to discern surface details. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Scientific Key Words: SOLAR SYSTEM, ASTEROIDS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Est obs time (hours) pri: 10.00 par: 0 10. Num targs pri: 16 par: 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Page 2 I. GENERAL FORM Proposal 3184c PI: Rudolf Albrecht Proposal Title: PHYSICS OF ASTEROIDS - CYCLE 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. Proposers: Proposers Institution Country ESA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Hans J. Schober GRAZ UNIVERSITY AUSTRIA X John J. Caldwell SPACE ASTROPHYSICS LABORATORY, CANADA ISTS Gerd Weigelt MPI F. RADIOASTRONOMIE GERMANY, WE X Theo M. Kamperman SPACE RESEARCH LABORATORY NETHERLANDS X UTRECHT Rudolf Albrecht ESA, EUROPEAN COORDINATING GERMANY, WE X FACILITY ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3. Description of proposed observations. A) DECONVOLUTION: The goal of these observations is to increase the resolution of the ST/FOC by image processing techniques. For this purpose exposures have to be taken with different ST roll angles, spaced as closely as possible in time. the rolled exposure can only be taken one orbit after the unrolled exposure. This time line should allow the determination of the direction of the rotation and of the pole axis, plus a confirmation of the potometric rotation period. One of the priority 1 objects shall be observed during cycle 1. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Justification of need for HST observations. Only the FOC at F:288 in orbit provides the required resolution. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Description of special scheduling requirements. Asteroids have to be observed close to opposition. The scheduling of the observations is therefore closely tied to the ST launch date and to the availability of the moving target acquisition mode. We expect to work closely with the schedulers at the ST ScI. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Data reduction and analysis plans. Quick-look data analysis will be carried out at the STScI immediately following the observations. Final data analysis will be carried out at the European Coordinating Facility, and at the computer installations of the home institutions of the other proposers. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10. Resources to be supplied by investigator's institution(s). Our institutions will supply the following resources: Salary, travel, data analysis facilities, research support, administrative support, office space. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13. The purpose of this investigation is to determine physical properties of selected asteroids: diameters, shapes, surface structure, spin axis orientation, rotation, and possible binary nature. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Address Information Page 3 Name: RUDOLF ALBRECHT Category: PI Institution: ESA, EUROPEAN COORDINATING FACILI Address: City: State: Zip Code: Country: Telephone: Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET LIST b)Solar System Targets ID = 3184c [ 4] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 1 | TARGET NAME: VESTA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: ASTEROID 4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 | TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 | STD = 4 (VESTA) | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 | WINDOWS | | WND1 = 6-MAR-92:00:00:00 TO | 21-MAR-92 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ REF | DATA | COMMENTS | | 1 |B=7.0 | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 3184c [ 5] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 VESTA FOC/96 IMAGE 256X256 F342W, 1 5M 1 1 SEQ 1-7 NO GAP F6ND CYCLE 9 / 1-7 Comments: ALL OBSERVATIONS MUST BE SCHEDULED OUTSIDE SAA CONTOUR 5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 VESTA FOC/96 IMAGE 256X256 F342W, 1 5M 1 1 F6ND ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 VESTA FOC/96 IMAGE 256X256 F342W, 1 5M 1 1 F6ND ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 VESTA FOC/96 IMAGE 256X256 F342W, 1 5M 1 1 F6ND ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 VESTA FOC/96 IMAGE 256X256 F342W, 1 5M 1 1 F6ND ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 VESTA FOC/96 IMAGE 256X256 F342W, 1 5M 1 1 F6ND ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 VESTA FOC/96 IMAGE 256X256 F342W, 1 5M 1 1 F6ND ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary Form for Proposal 3184c [ 6] Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations FOC/96 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes IMAGE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal for GTO/FOC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ S/C Hours 10.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Category SOLAR SYSTEM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Sub-category MINOR PLANETS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements SEQ 1-7 NO GAP; CYCLE 9 / 1-7; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F342W,F6ND ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names VESTA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------